EVAPORATION

• The process of converting water into water vapour at any temperature below it's melting point is called evaporation.

CAUSE OF EVAPORATION:-

The particles of gases and liquids are always moving and particles of solids are vibrating at their mean position. Now , if the particles are in motion that means it have kinetic energy. And the kinetic energy of particles of matter is depends upon temperature.

We know that the hotter object is lighter than colder object,that's why the water molecules having higher temperature occupy the upper surface and if it have higher temperature so it also have higher kinetic energy. Water having higher kinetic energy are able to break the force of attraction between the particles of matter with the help of wind energy and diffusion process and converted into water vapour.

FACTORS AFFECTING EVAPORATION:-

1. SURFACE AREA:-  Evaporation is surface phenomenon because the upper surface of water particles have higher kinetic energy that can be converted into water vapour so if the surface area is large then more evaporation takes place.
2. TEMPERATURE:- Kinetic energy of water molecules is depend upon temperature so higher temperature means higher kinetic energy and if the particles have higher kinetic energy that can able to break the bond easily and converted into water vapour. So if the temperature is high more evaporation will take place and if the temperature is low less evaporation will takes place.
3. HUMIDITY:- Humidity is the concentration of water in atmosphere. If atmosphere already have higher amount of water or we can say higher humidity then the rate of diffusion of water from water source to atmosphere will be slow. So if higher humidity is present in atmosphere lower evaporation will take place and if lower humidity is present in atmosphere higher evaporation will takes place.
4. WIND SPEED:- Wind also have kinetic energy and that helps in breaking the bond between the water particles. If the wind speed is higher that means it have higher kinetic energy and hence it is easy to break bond between water particles. So if the wind speed is higher more evaporation takes place and if the wind speed is slower then less evaporation takes place.