There were many good discoveries from 1850s to 1900s. Which helps us in understanding many natural phenomenon.
for example: The discoveries of electromagnetic wave by maxwell, electrons by j.j thomson and quantization theory by maxx planks took physics to the different level.
on the basis of electromagnetic wave eqation by maxwell he calculated the velocity of the electromagnetic wave and found that the speed of electromagnetic wave are equals to the speed of light i.e 3*10^8m/s .
j.j thomson calculated the charge is to mass ratio of electron and millikans calculated the value of charge and mass of electron by his oil drop experiment.
When Hertz was experimenting on the electromagnetic wave, he noticed that when the ultraviolet light falls on the metal , metal becomes positively charged.
And we know that if a body is charged, either some extra electrons come on it or some extra electrons go away from it.
so on the basis of hertz observation we can say that after the falling of radiation the electrons gets out from the metal.
And the emission of electron from metal due to light(radiation) falling on it is called photoelectric effect.
So photoelectric effect is first observed by hertz but he didn't explain it.
Two scientist hallwach and lenard done a experiment and observe carefully.
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