Fundamental forces in nature

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There are 4 fundamental forces in nature:-

1. Gravitational Force
2. Electromagnetic force
3. Strong nuclear force
4. Weak nuclear force

Gravitational force

• Force between two bodies due their masses is known as gravitational forces.
• There is no need of contact for applying gravitational forces.
• It is long range force.
• Does not need any medium.
• Gravitational force is attractive in nature.

Electromagnetic force

• Electromagnetic forces are forces between charge particles.
• It is stronger than gravitational force.
• And their is no need of contact for applying electromagnetic forces.
• It is long range forces.
• Does not needs any medium.
• Electrostatic forces between two protons is 10^36 times larger than the gravitational forces act between them.
• The structure of atoms and molecules are govern by the electromagnetic forces.
• Electromagnetic forces are attractive as well as repulsive in nature.

Strong nuclear forces

• It is the force present inside the nucleus of an atoms.
• It is the strongest force .
• It is 100 times larger than electromagnetic forces.
• It is very short range force about 10^-15 m.
• Strong nuclear force is the region of stability of nucleus.
• In side the Nucleus There are two forces are working one is strong nuclear force which is acting  between proton-proton, neutron-neutron , proton-neutron  and electrostatic force which is acting between two protons.
• strong nuclear forces are attractive in nature and hence it makes stability of nucleus.
• Electrostatic forces are repulsive in nature hence it decrease the stability of Nucleus.

Weak Nuclear force

• It present only in some fixed nuclear process such as in β decay of a nucleus.
• It is stronger than gravitational forces and weaker than all other three forces.
• It is short range force.
• It acts at a distance of 10^-16 m.