MITOCHONDRIA

Mitochondria is membrane bound cell organelles where the energy is produced.

Structure

• Shape- cylindrical, rod-shaped, spherical
• Size:- (0.2-2)mm
• Bounded by double membrane envelop.
• The outer membrane is porous.
• The inner membrane is folded and it is called cristae.
• The inner membrane is folded so it have larger surface area.
• In the cristae there are many small rounded bodies is studded called f1 particles or oxyosomes.
• The inter cavity of ribosome is filled with proteinaceous matrix.
• Proteinaceous matrix of ribosome conatins:-
• A few small sized ribosome
• A circular DNA
• Phosphate granules.
• Mitochondria is absent in:-
• Bacteria 
• Red blood cell of mammals.

Function

• It is the site of cellular respiration.
• Here the carbohydrates and fats were oxidized.
• In the process of oxidization of fats and carbohydrates, energy is released.
• Mitochondria is known as power house of cell because energy is produced here by oxidization of carbohydrates and fats.
• Mitochondria is semiautonomous organelles because it make some protein for own.

ATP

• The energy which is produced in mitochondria is stored in the form of ATP ( adenosine triphosphate).
• It is also known as energy carrier or energy currency of the cell.
• These energy is used for:-

1. Synthesis of chemical compound.
2. Contraction work

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